Alison Johnson

HOW TO: Handle animal bites and scratches

Rabies is no joke: once you show symptoms of the viral disease, it's invariably fatal.

But if you suffer a bite or scratch, you can protect yourself from that and other infections by acting quickly, says Valerie Thompson, environmental health supervisor of the rabies program for the Virginia Beach, Va., Department of Public Health.

"Report all bites and go to your doctor," Thompson says.

More tips:

Spot a child's sports injury

Kids aren't always forthcoming about pain, and symptoms can be subtle -- much subtler than limping, swelling or bleeding. To catch problems early, "parents should pay more attention to any changes, not just obvious signs of injury," says Dr. David Geier, an orthopedic surgeon and director of sports medicine at Medical University of South Carolina.

HOW TO: Make healthy holiday food choices

Portion size aside, some holiday favorites start off far worse for your waistline than others. "It's not uncommon to gain a full pound  or more  during the holiday season," says Gloria Tsang, a registered dietitian and author of the new book "Go UnDiet" (HealthCastle Media, 2011).

Some swaps to consider:

* Crab cake appetizers typically are made with mayonnaise and bread crumbs, and fried. Replace them -- and items served in puff pastries -- with shrimp cocktail.

HOW TO: Go shopping for the proper shoes

Whatever type of shoe you're buying, they can affect the health of your feet -- and far more.

"If your shoes aren't absorbing shock well, then your feet will, and then your knees, hips and back," says Dr. Jacqueline Sutera, a podiatric medicine and surgery specialist in New York City. Some tips:

Consider the activity. Running and walking shoes are designed for forward motion, while tennis, basketball and cross-training types are meant to move from side to side.

HOW TO: Avoid common breakfast boo-boos

Many people start their day with diet blunders. Here's how to correct them, with help from Dr. Wayne Andersen, an obesity specialist in Maryland and medical director for Take Shape for Life, a weight loss program:

* Skipping breakfast ... Dieters often use this strategy, but numerous studies have found breakfast eaters are more likely to maintain a healthy weight and make better food choices throughout the day. Even an unhealthy breakfast is almost always better than no breakfast at all.

HOW TO: Pick a workout buddy

Finding an exercise partner to share your sweat can be a huge motivator. "You need somebody consistent -- somebody you can trust to be there," says Kerri Krasnow, a certified athletic trainer in Newport News, Va.

Her tips:

Look for someone on a similar exercise program. If you're both into weight training or riding stationary bikes, it shouldn't matter if you can't lift as many pounds or pedal as quickly as your partner. You can still spot and motivate each other.

Do battle with adult acne

Pimples that pop up long past the teenage years are just, well ... unfair.

"Hormonal changes and using the wrong skin care products are common causes," says Dr. Melissa Schwarzschild, a dermatologist with Richmond Dermatology & Laser Specialists in Virginia. But you can fight back:

HOW TO: Find the best nutritional bargains

You can get the same healthy proteins, carbohydrates and fats for less money.

"The strategy is to buy inexpensive foods that still provide the nutrients that support good health," says Dr. Mickey Harpaz, a nutritionist and exercise physiologist with offices in New York and Connecticut.

Some tips:

Stop buying junk. Processed entrees, snacks, soda and juices often are expensive and do nothing for your body.

HOW TO: Eat healthy as a couple

Women are more likely to gain weight after marriage, according to a recent study from Ohio State University.

One solution: Understand your nutritional needs. "Don't think you and your significant other can eat the same amount of food," says Jessica Levinson, a registered dietitian in New York City.

HOW TO: Avoid on-the-job depression

Especially in a tough economy, "it's unbelievable how many people struggle with trying to feel happy at work," says Ellen Golding, a psychologist based in Los Angeles.

Her tips:

Don't isolate. Walk around and greet co-workers and attend staff lunches and office parties, even if you have to force yourself.

HOW TO: Pick the right orthodontist

Getting braces or other orthodontic work can require frequent appointments and hefty payments, so choosing the right doctor is a must.

"You are entering a relationship that could last years," says Dr. Alan Bagden, an orthodontist in Springfield, Va.

Some tips:

*Ask for lots of recommendations. Don't just stop with your dentist: Check in with friends, neighbors, co-workers and nearby relatives. Visit the websites of potential practices.

How to avoid lunchbox mistakes

Parents don't always have the best habits when it comes to packing healthy school lunches.

"There are lots of ways to make things more varied, fun and colorful," says Jennifer Shea, a Boston-based dietitian who works with several grocery chains. Here are some don'ts:

HOW TO: Build a better salad

Just because something's called "salad" doesn't make it healthy -- in fact, it can be the exact opposite. Here's how to make your salad nutritious, tasty and filling:

Keep it colorful. A salad with iceberg lettuce, celery and cucumbers has significantly fewer vitamins than one with romaine or spinach leaves, carrots, broccoli and tomatoes. "Generally, the darker and brighter the color, the better the nutrition," says Holly Hicks, a registered dietitian in Newport News, Va.

Add lean protein. Without it, your stomach likely will be rumbling again soon. Good choices: grilled chicken breast or shrimp, lean beef, canned salmon, beans, baked tofu and hard-boiled eggs.

HOW TO: Get more out of your walks

Walking is great exercise, but falling into a rut -- same route, speed and form -- can stall your progress. Kick into higher gear with these tips:

Hold your head high. The ideal walking posture is upright, with shoulders back and not slouched. You'll work more muscles to hold that position, including your stomach and buttocks. "It all starts with posture," says Dr. John Schaffer, an orthopedic surgeon at Sentara Leigh Hospital in Norfolk, Va.

HOW TO: Expand your kids' diets

If your kids seem permanently picky, don't despair -- simply introducing them to new foods can pave the way for future good eating.

"Encourage them to take a bite, but don't make a big deal of it," says Janice Kailos, a school wellness instructor in Williamsburg, Va.

Some tips:

Don't push kids to eat. Anger, bribes and threats will set up a power struggle over food that will only worsen over time. Serve small portions to avoid waste, stay calm and don't expect too much.

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